Curriculum Vitae

ASSOCIATE PROF. DR. TERENCE ONG ING WEI

Associate Professor
  • Department of Medicine
    Faculty of Medicine
  • terenceong
  • 0379492429

ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION


  • PhD, (Science)
    University of Nottingham
  • MBioMedSc, (Biomedical Science)
    University of Nottingham
  • MRCP (GERIATRIC MEDICINE), (Geriatric Medicine and General Internal Medicine)
    Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  • MBChB, (Medicine and Surgery)
    University of Aberdeen

MEMBERSHIPS


  • BMC GERIATRICS, EDITORIAL BOARD
    2023 to present (International)
  • FELLOW OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, FELLOW
    2022 to present (International)
  • MALAYSIAN SOCIETY OF GERIATRIC MEDICINE, COMMITTEE MEMBER
    Since 2022 (National)
  • COMMITTEE MEMBER OF THE VERTEBRAL FRAGILITY FRACTURE SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP, COMMITTEE MEMBER
    2022 to 2025 (International)
  • MALAYSIAN OSTEOPOROSIS SOCIETY, COMMITTEE MEMBER
    Since 2020 (National)
  • AGE AND AGEING EDITORIAL BOARD, COMMITTEE MEMBER
    2020 to present (International)
  • BRITISH GERIATRICS SOCIETY, MEMBER
    Since 2009 (International)
  • FRAGILITY FRACTURE NETWORK MALAYSIA, SECRETARY
    2022 to 2024 (National)
  • ROYAL OSTEOPOROSIS SOCIETY, MEMBER
    2021 to 2022 (International)
  • ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, MEMBER
    2008 to 2021 (International)

AWARD AND STEWARDSHIP


  • Excellence Service Award
    2023, Universiti Malaya
  • Certificate of Excellent Service
    2022, Universiti Malaya

PUBLICATIONS


Article in Journal
WoS
  1. Goh, Siew-Li; Chong, Melissa Wee; Ling, Jerri; Jaafar, Zulkarnain; Lim, Zhuang-Li; Yau, May-Yann; Ong, Terence; Richards, Jim (2025). Semi-invasive therapies for pain in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis, PAIN PRACTICE. . doi:10.1111/papr.13404
  2. Cheah, Min H.; Ong, Terence (2024). Zoledronate for hip fractures: the road towards achieving consensus, AGE AND AGEING. 53(4). doi:10.1093/ageing/afae062
  3. Cheah, Min Hui; Lai, Pauline Siew Mei; Ong, Terence (2024). Implementation of a Fracture Liaison Service in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia: a feasibility study, ARCHIVES OF OSTEOPOROSIS. 19(1). doi:10.1007/s11657-024-01427-x
  4. Cheah, Min Hui; Lai, Pauline Siew Mei; Ong, Terence (2024). Views of healthcare professionals regarding barriers and facilitators for a Fracture Liaison Service in Malaysia, PLOS ONE. 19(7). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0307919
  5. Ratnasingam, Jeyakantha; Niyaz, Mariyam; Mariyappan, Shanmugam; Ong, Terence; Chan, Siew Pheng; Hew, Fen Lee; Yeap, Swan Sim; Velaiutham, Shanty; Thambiah, Subashini C.; Lekamwasam, Sarath (2024). Age-dependent FRAX-based assessment and intervention thresholds for therapeutic decision making in osteoporosis in the Malaysian population, ARCHIVES OF OSTEOPOROSIS. 19(1). doi:10.1007/s11657-024-01371-w
  6. Yap, Kai Sing; Loh, P. S.; Foong, Yi Xian; Mok, Chu Zhen; Ong, Terence; Khor, Hui Min (2024). A feasibility study on preoperative carbohydrate loading in older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, BMC GERIATRICS. 24(1). doi:10.1186/s12877-024-04958-7
  7. Arai, Hidenori; Maeda, Keisuke; Wakabayashi, Hidetaka; Naito, Tateaki; Konishi, Masaaki; Assantachai, Prasert; Auyeung, Wai Tung; Chalermsri, Chalobol; Chen, Wei; Chew, Justin; Chou, Ming-Yueh; Hsu, Chih-Cheng; Hum, Allyn; Hwang, In Gyu; Kaido, Toshimi; Kang, Lin; Kamaruzzaman, Shahrul Bahyah; Kim, Miji; Lee, Jenny Shun Wah; Lee, Wei-Ju; Liang, Chih-Kuang; Lim, Wee Shiong; Lim, Jae-Young; Lim, Yen Peng; Lo, Raymond See-Kit; Ong, Terence; Pan, Wen-Harn; Peng, Li-Ning; Pramyothin, Pornpoj; Razalli, Nurul Huda; Saitoh, Masakazu; Shahar, Suzana; Shi, Han Ping; Tung, Heng-Hsin; Uezono, Yasuhito; von Haehling, Stephan; Won, Chang Won; Woo, Jean; Chen, Liang-Kung (2023). Diagnosis and outcomes of cachexia in Asia: Working Consensus Report from the Asian Working Group for Cachexia, JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE. . doi:10.1002/jcsm.13323
  8. Cheah, Min Hui; Lai, Pauline Siew Mei; Khor, Hui Min; Ratnasingam, Jeyakantha; Chandrasekaran, C. Sankara Kumar; Singh, Simmrat; Bin Zakaria, Mohd Idzwan; Ong, Terence (2023). Fragility fracture care gap at a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia, ARCHIVES OF OSTEOPOROSIS. 18(1). doi:10.1007/s11657-023-01256-4
  9. Ong, Terence; Vindlacheruvu, Madhavi (2023). A commentary update on NICE CG124. Hip fracture:management (2023), AGE AND AGEING. 52(6). doi:10.1093/ageing/afad110
  10. Tai, May Hun; Wan, Safiyyah Nurnajah; Engkasan, Julia; Ong, Terence (2023). Hand Grip Strength among Older Adults after COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY. 17(3), 172-176. doi:10.6890/IJGE.202307_17(3).0006
  11. Wan, Safiyyah Nurnajah; Thiam, Chiann Ni; Ang, Qi Xuan; Engkasan, Julia; Ong, Terence (2023). Incident sarcopenia in hospitalized older people: A systematic review, PLOS ONE. 18(8). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0289379
  12. Yamada, Minoru; Lee, Wei-Ju; Akishita, Masahiro; Yang, Ming; Kang, Lin; Kim, Sunyoung; Lim, Jun-Pei; Lim, Wee-Shiong; Merchant, Reshma A.; Ong, Terence; Peng, Li-Ning; Phannarus, Harisd; Tay, Laura; Woo, Jean; Chen, Liang-Kung; Arai, Hidenori (2023). Clinical practice for sarcopenia in Asia: Online survey by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS. 115. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2023.105132
  13. Khor, Hui Min; Tan, Maw Pin; Kumar, C. Sankara; Singh, Simmrat; Tan, Kit Mun; Saedon, Nor'Izzati Binti; Ong, Terence; Chin, Ai-Vyrn; Kamaruzzaman, Shahrul Bahyah; Hasmukharay, Kejal; Zakaria, Mohd Idzwan bin; Teh, Hui Xin; Tan, Fang Chin; Chong, Poh Yong (2022). Mobility and mortality outcomes among older individuals with hip fractures at a teaching hospital in Malaysia, ARCHIVES OF OSTEOPOROSIS. 17(1). doi:10.1007/s11657-022-01183-w
  14. Ong, Terence; Di Paola, Ana Suazo; Brookes, Cassandra; Drummond, Avril; Hendrick, Paul; Leighton, Paul; Jones, Matthew; Salem, Khalid; Quraishi, Nasir; Sahota, Opinder (2022). ASSERT (Acute Sacral inSufficiEncy fractuRe augmen Tation): randomised controlled, feasibility trial in older people, BMJ OPEN. 12(5). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050535
  15. Ong, Terence; Ni Thiam, Chiann (2022). Special consideration for pain management in the older person, CLINICAL MEDICINE. 22(4), 295-297. doi:10.7861/clinmed.CM-2022-0273
  16. Sallehuddin, Hakimah; Ong, Terence; Said, Salmiah Md.; Tarmizi, Noor Azleen Ahmad; Loh, Siew Ping; Lim, Wan Chieh; Nadarajah, Reena; Lim, Hong Tak; Zambri, Nurul Huda Mohd; Ho, Yun Ying; Ghazali, Sazlina Shariff (2022). Non-pharmacological interventions for bone health after stroke: A systematic review, PLOS ONE. 17(2). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0263935
  17. Tan, Yi Ru; Tan, Maw Pin; Khor, Mei Mei; Hoh, Hon Bing; Saedon, Nor'Izzati; Hasmukharay, Kejal; Tan, Kit Mun; Chin, Ai Vyrn; Kamaruzzaman, Shahrul B.; Ong, Terence; Davey, Gareth; Khor, Hui Min (2022). Acceptance of virtual consultations among older adults and caregivers in Malaysia: a pilot study during the COVID-19 pandemic, POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE. 134(2), 224-229. doi:10.1080/00325481.2021.2004792
  18. Thiam, Chiann Ni; Khor, Hui Min; Pang, Gordon Hwa Mang; Lim, Wan Chieh; Shanmugam, Tharshne; Chandrasekaran, C. Sankara Kumar; Singh, Simmrat; Bin Zakaria, Mohd Idzwan; Ong, Terence (2022). Hip fracture management in the emergency department and its impact on hospital outcomes: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis, EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE. . doi:10.1007/s41999-022-00654-0
  19. Cheah, Min Hui; Ong, Terence; Lai, Pauline Siew Mei; Khor, Hui Min (2021). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in post-fragility fractures patients in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Malaysia, AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING. 40, 72-72
  20. Cheah, Min Hui; Ong, Terence; Lai, Pauline Siew Mei; Khor, Hui Min (2021). Treatment initiation and continuation of inpatients with fragility fractures in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Malaysia, AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING. 40, 71-72
  21. Ismail, S. R., Lee, S. W. H., Merom, D., Kamaruddin, P., San Chong, M., Ong, T., & Lai, N. M. (2021). Evidence of disease severity, cognitive and physical outcomes of dance interventions for persons with Parkinson's Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmc Geriatrics, 21(1), 11. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02446-w
  22. Lunt, Eleanor; Ong, Terence; Gordon, Adam L.; Greenhaff, Paul L.; Gladman, John R. F. (2021). The clinical usefulness of muscle mass and strength measures in older people: a systematic review, AGE AND AGEING. 50(1), 88-95. doi:10.1093/ageing/afaa123
  23. Ogliari, G., Ong, T., Marshall, L., & Sahota, O. (2021). Seasonality of adult fragility fractures and association with weather: 12-year experience of a UK Fracture Liaison Service. Bone, 147, 8. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115916
  24. Ong, T., & Sahota, O. (2021). The management of patients admitted to hospital with vertebral fragility fractures: experience from a UK university hospital. Injury-International Journal of the Care of the Injured, 52(10), 2903-2907. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.06.028
  25. Ong, T., Copeland, R., Thiam, C. N., Mas, G. C., Marshall, L., & Sahota, O. (2021). Integration of a vertebral fracture identification service into a fracture liaison service: a quality improvement project. Osteoporosis International, 32(5), 921-926. doi: 10.1007/s00198-020-05710-8
  26. Ong, T., Sahota, O., & Gladman, J. R. F. (2021). Management of patients admitted to hospital with acute vertebral fragility fractures: a modified Delphi study. Age and Ageing, 50(3), 985-989. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afaa225
  27. Sahota, A.; Ong, T.; Kumar, A.; Simmonds, L.; Yoon, W. W.; Salem, K.; Sahota, O. (2021). Vertebroplasty for vertebral fragility fractures in the 'very elderly': experience from a regional UK spine unit, OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL. 32(2), 395-396. doi:10.1007/s00198-020-05770-w
  28. Sahota, O., Leighton, P., Cameron, M., Taylor, R., Ong, T., Drummond, A., . . . Team, A. R. (2021). ASSERT (Acute Sacral inSufficiEncy fractuRe augmenTation): Perceptions in the Assessment and Treatment of Pubic Rami and Sacral Fragility Fractures Amongst Healthcare Professionals in Geriatric Medicine and Surgery-A Qualitative Study. Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, 12, 6. doi: 10.1177/21514593211026794
  29. Sahota, O.; van Berkel, D.; Ong, T.; Drummond, A.; Hendrick, P.; Quraishi, N.; Salem, K. (2021). Pelvic fragility fractures-the forgotten osteoporotic fracture!, OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL. 32(4), 785-786. doi:10.1007/s00198-021-05848-z
  30. Sallehuddin, Hakimah; Ong, Terence (2021). Get up and get moving-early mobilisation after hip fracture surgery, AGE AND AGEING. 50(2), 356-357. doi:10.1093/ageing/afaa241
  31. Ogliari, G., Lunt, E., Ong, T., Marshall, L., & Sahota, O. (2020). The impact of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic on osteoporotic fragility fractures: an observational study. Archives of Osteoporosis, 15(1), 8. doi: 10.1007/s11657-020-00825-1
  32. Ong, T., Yong, B. K. A., Shouter, T., Shahrokhi, N., & Sahota, O. (2020). Optimising bone health among older people with hip fractures and co-existing advanced chronic kidney disease. European Geriatric Medicine, 11(4), 635-638. doi: 10.1007/s41999-020-00340-z
  33. Paskins, Z., Crawford-Manning, F., Cottrell, E., Corp, N., Wright, J., Jinks, C., . . . Sahota, O. (2020). Acceptability of bisphosphonates among patients, clinicians and managers: a systematic review and framework synthesis. BMJ Open, 10(11), 14. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040634
ESCI
  1. Ong, T., Ali, S. A. B., & Sahota, O. (2021). The Presentation of Older People with Vertebral Fragility Fractures to a University Hospital: A Cross-sectional Analysis. Current Rheumatology Reviews, 17(1), 109-112. doi: 10.2174/1573397116999200820170559
  2. Ong, T.; Khor, H. M.; Kumar, C. S.; Singh, S.; Chong, E. G. M.; Ganthel, K.; Lee, J. K. (2020). The Current and Future Challenges of Hip Fracture Management in Malaysia, MALAYSIAN ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL. 14(3), 16-21. doi:10.5704/MOJ.2011.004
Scopus
  1. Chong E., Ong T., Lim W.S. (2023). Front-Door Geriatrics: Frailty-Ready Emergency Department to Achieve the Quadruple Aim, Journal of Frailty and Aging. 12(4), 254-257. doi:10.14283/jfa.2023.42
  2. Lim H.T., Khor H.M., Chandrasekaran C.S.K., Singh S., Adnan Y.K., Draman M.R., Ong T. (2023). Process mapping of hip fracture orthogeriatric care: Experience from a tertiary hospital in Malaysia, Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation. . doi:10.1177/22104917231161830
  3. Lim W.X., Khor H.M., Lee J.K., Ong T. (2023). Fracture Liaison Service and Its Role in Secondary Fracture Prevention in Malaysia: A Scoping Review, Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal. 17(2), 1-6. doi:10.5704/MOJ.2307.001
  4. Wan S.N., Wong M.E., Engkasan J., Ong T. (2023). Sarcopenia among Older Adults Recovering from COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study, Aging Medicine and Healthcare. 14(3), 156-161. doi:10.33879/AMH.143.2022.12115
  5. Ng T.S., Lam C.L., Ong T. (2022). Hospital healthcare utilisation among older adults admitted to a university hospital in the last months of life: A retrospective observational study, The Medical journal of Malaysia. 77(5), 585-589
  6. Thiam, C. N., Hasmukharay, K., Lim, W. C., Ng, C. C., Pang, G. H. M., Abdullah, A., . . . Ong, T. (2021). Covid-19 infection among older people admitted to hospital: A cross-sectional analysis. Geriatrics (Switzerland), 6(1). doi: 10.3390/GERIATRICS6010025
Others
  1. Sahota, A, Ong, T, Kumar, A, Simmonds, L, Yoon, W.W, Salem, K, Sahota, O. (2021) Vertebroplasty for vertebral fragility fractures in the very elderly: experience from a regional UK spine unit. Osteoporos Int. 32(2):395-396
  2. Sahota, O., van Berkel, D., Ong, T., Drummond, A., Hendrick, P.,. Quraishi, N., Salem, K. (2021) Pelvic fragility fractures - the forgotten osteoporotic fracture! Osteoporos Int. 32(4):785-786.
  3. Taib, A., Ong, T., Mulvaney, E., Neale, C., Strawther, S., Peters, C., Sahota, A., Sahota, O. (2021). Can an Ice-Cream Based Supplement Help Address Malnutrition in Orthogeriatric Patients? J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 40(4):280-289.
  4. Hoerlyck, C., Ong, T., Gregerson, M., Damsgaard, E.M., Borris, L., Chia, J.K., Yap, Y.Y.W., Weerasuriya, N., Sahota, O. (2020) Do anticoagulants affect outcomes of hip fracture surgery? A cross-sectional analysis. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. 140(2):171-176.
  5. Ong, T., Sahota, O., Gladman, J.R.F. (2020) The Nottingham Spinal Health (NoSH) Study: a cohort study of patients hospitalised with vertebral fragility fractures. Osteoporosis International. 31(2):363-370.
  6. Paskins, Z., Ong, T., Armstrong, D.J. (2020) Bringing osteoporosis up to date: time to address the identity crisis. Age Ageing, 49(3), 329-331.
  7. Lim, P., Ooi, L., Ong, T., Neighbour, C., Sahota, O. (2019) Pelvic fragility fractures in older people admitted to hospital: the clinical burden. European Geriatric Medicine, 10(1), 147-150.
  8. Van Berkel, D., Ong, T., Drummond, A., Hendrick, P., Leighton, P., Jones, M., Salem, K., Quraishi, N., Brookes, C., Suazo Di Paola, A., Edwards, S., Sahota, O. ASSERT (Acute Sacral insufficiency fracture augmentation) randomised controlled, feasibility in older people trial: a study protocol. BMJ Open. 2019.9:e032111
  9. McGowan, T., Ong, T., Kumar, A., Lunt, E., Sahota, O. (2018) The effect of chair-based pedal exercises for older people admitted to an acute hospital compared to standard care: a feasibility study. Age Ageing, 47(3):483-486
  10. Ong, T., Kantachuvesiri, P., Sahota, O., Gladman, JRF. (2018) Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with vertebral fragility fractures: A systematic review. Age and Ageing, 47(1),17-25
  11. Sahota, O., Ong, T., Salem, K. (2018) Vertebral fragility fracture (VFF) Who, when and how to operate. Injury. 49(8):1430-1435
  12. Capdevila-Reniu, A., Ong, T., Ajmal, S., Sahota, O. (2017) Vertebral fracture assessment in patients presenting with a non-hip non-vertebral fragility fracture: experience of a UK Fracture Liaison Service. Archives of Osteoporosis. 12(1):23
  13. Cowan, R., Lim, J.H., Ong, T., Kumar, A., Sahota, O (2017). The challenges of anaesthesia and pain relief in hip fracture care. Drugs and Aging, 34(1),1-11
  14. Ong, T., Sahota, O., Gladman, J.R.F., Quraishi, N. (2017) Study protocol for the Nottingham Spinal Health (NoSH) study: A cohort study of vertebral fragility fractures admitted to hospital. EMRAN discussion paper,12
  15. Walters, S., Khan, T., Ong, T., Sahota, O. (2017) Fracture liaison services: improving outcomes for patients with osteoporosis. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 12,117-127.
  16. Gladman J.R.F., Masud, T., Harwood, R.H., Sahota, O.S., Logan, P.A., Drummond, A.E., Gordon, A.L., Goldberg, S.E., Blundell, A., Robertson, K., King, A., Garden, G., Godfrey, M., Ong, T., Anthony, K., Goodwin, R. (2016) Health care for older people research in Nottingham and Derby 2016. Excellence in care through world class research. EMRAN discussion paper, 11
  17. Ong T. (2016) Ageing positively. Journal of Primary Health Care, 8(1), 86
  18. Ong T., Busca G., Sheldon W., Siriwardena N., Sahota O. (2016) The unseen cost of falls: The environmental impact of attending falls call out by the emergency ambulance services. European Geriatric Medicine, 7(6), 508-509
  19. Ong, T., Anand, V., Tan, W., Quah, E., Moran, C., Sahota, O. (2016) Patient characteristics and outcomes of a hip fracture and concomitant fracture compared with hip fracture alone: results from a United Kingdom teaching hospital. Archives of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery. 136(4),463-467
  20. Ong, T., Anand, V., Tan, W., Watson, A., Sahota O. (2016) Physical activity study of older people in hospital: A cross-sectional analysis using accelerometers. European Geriatric Medicine. 7(1),55-56
  21. Walters, S., Chan, S., Goh, L., Ong, T., & Sahota, O. (2016). The prevalence of frailty in patients admitted to hospital with vertebral fragility fractures. Current Rheumatology Reviews, 12(3), 244-247.
  22. Walters, S., Chan, S., Goh, L., Ong, T., Sahota, O. (2016) The prevalence of frailty in patients admitted to hospital with vertebral fragility fractures. Current Rheumatology Reviews, 12(3),244-247
  23. Copeland, R., Ong, T. (2015) Fracture healing in older people. GM, Sept, 20-23
  24. Ong, T., Sahota, O., Marshall, L. (2015) Epidemiology of appendicular skeletal fractures: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Nottingham Fracture Liaison Service. Journal of Orthopaedic Science. 20(3), 517-521
  25. Ong, T., Tan, W., Marshall, L., Sahota, O. (2015) The relationship between socioeconomic status and fractures in a fracture clinic setting: data from the Nottingham Fracture Liaison Service. Injury, 46(2), 366-370
  26. Ong, T., Sahota, O., Tan, W., Marshall, L. (2014) A United Kingdom perspective on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and bone health: A cross sectional analysis of data from the Nottingham Fracture Liaison Service. Bone, 59, 207-210
  27. Ong T, Sahota O, Marshall L, Moran C. (2013) Re: Trends in hip fracture incidence and mortality in Chinese population from Hong Kong 2001-09. Age Ageing, 42(6), 816
  28. Ong, T., Gordon, A., Sahota, O. (2013) Management of osteoporosis in the care home setting. Osteoporosis Review, 21:20-24
  29. Ong. T,, Sahota, O. (2013) Falls: NICE clinical guideline updated guidance. Osteoporosis Review, 21:25-27
  30. Kumar, A., Ong, T., MacLeod, G., Brampton, W. (2006) Prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting: an audit of current practice and cost. Anaesthesia, 62(3), 311-312
Chapter in Books
  1. Ong T, Sahota O. (2020) Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures: Preferred method of nonoperative treatment. In P.Giannoudis & T.Einhorn (Eds.), Surgical and Medical Treatment of Osteoporosis. CRC Press.
  2. Ong T, Sahota O. (2020). Establishing an orthogeriatric service. In P.Falaschi & D.Marsh (Eds.) Orthogeriatrics. The management of older patients with fragility fractures. Second edition. pp. 69-82. Springer