Curriculum Vitae

MADAM NORNAZLITA BINTI HUSSIN

Lecturer
  • Department of Computer System & Technology
    Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
  • nazlita
  • +603-79676396
  • 0189864231

BIOGRAPHY

Nornazlita is a lecturer at the Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, with 25 years of teaching experience. Contributing to the academic community, she has presented her research at numerous local and international conferences, engaged in collaborative projects with industry partners, and copyrighted several projects. She has served as a judge for various local and international competition events. 

An accredited HRDF trainer, she has conducted impactful trainings in for local and international audience. Her expertise includes AR/VR, immersive learning, user engagement and digital persona on social media platforms. Recognized for her engaging and practical approach, she helps individuals enhance their online presence in today’s fast-evolving digital world.

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

  • VIRTUAL REALITY
    Applied Science And Technology, Information And Communication Technology (ict), Virtual And Extended Reality
  • HUMAN AUGMENTATION
    Applied Science And Technology, Information And Communication Technology (ict), Computer Graphics, Image Processing, Multimedia And E-games
  • SOCIAL MEDIA AND INFORMATION SHARING
    Social Sciences, Media And Communications, Specialist Topics In Media And Communication
  • DIGITAL MARKETING
    Applied Social Science And Humanities, Advertising And Marketing, Specialist Topics In Advertising And Marketing
  • DIGITAL ECONOMY
    Economic Empowerment, Economic Growth
  • QUALITY AND ACCESSABLE HEALTH SYSTEM
    Human And Societal Resilency, Basic Human And Social Needs
  • QUALITY AND ACCESSABLE EDUCATION
    Human And Societal Resilency, Basic Human And Social Needs

ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION

  • Master in Computer Science , (Multimedia)
    Bath University, Bath, UK
  • Bachelor Degree in Computer Science, (SAINS KOMPUTER)
    Universiti Malaya (um)

ADMINISTRATIVE DUTIES

  • Coordinator
    02 Sep 2025 - present (Visibility & Communication Section, Vice-chancellor)
  • Coordinator
    01 May 2025 - 30 Apr 2027 (Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology)
  • Coordinator
    02 Sep 2025 - 30 Sep 2026 (University Malaya)
  • Committee for Informatics 2011
    01 Jul 2011 - present (Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology)
  • Committee for Roadshow FSKTM
    15 Aug 2012 - present (Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology)
  • Task Force Member
    03 Mar 2023 - 04 Mar 2025 (Faculty)
  • Task Force Member
    22 Feb 2023 - 21 Feb 2024 (Faculty)
  • Course Coordinator
    08 Sep 2023 - 31 Jan 2024 (Faculty)
  • Task Force Member
    01 Dec 2022 - 31 Dec 2023 (Faculty)
  • Task Force Member
    28 Jul 2023 - 29 Jul 2023 (Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology)
  • Task Force Member
    28 Jul 2023 - 29 Jul 2023 (Faculty)
  • Course Coordinator
    14 Oct 2022 - 28 Feb 2023 (Department of Computer System & Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology)

MEMBERSHIPS

  • ACCREDITED HRDCORP TRAINER, MEMBER
    2024 to present (National)
  • COMMITTEE MEMBER OF ALUMNI UNIVERSITY OF BATH ALUMNI, MEMBER
    Since 2000 (International)

AWARD AND STEWARDSHIP

  • Winner for Multimedia
    2023, FSKTM,  (University)
  • International Invention & Innovative Competition (iniic Series 1/2017)
    2017, MNNF Network,  (International)
  • Silver Medal, Myappstec 2015
    2015, Universiti Malaya,  (University)
  • Gold Medal, International Engineering Invention & Innovation Exhibition (i-envex) 2015
    2015, Universiti Malaysia Perlis,  (International)
  • Gold Medal & Anugerah Chan,an Adaptive Learning Environment for Physics Problem (aleps), Pertandingan Reka Cipta dan Inovasi Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Swasta (perintis) 2014
    2014, Universiti infrastucture KL,  (National)
  • Gold Medal, An Adaptive Learning Environment for Physics Problem (aleps), International Innovation, Design and Articulation (i-idea 2014)
    2014, UITM , Perlis,  (International)

PUBLICATIONS

Article in Journal
WoS
  1. Hakak, S., Noor, N. F. M., Ayub, M. N., Affal, H., Hussin, N., Ahmed, E., Imran, M. (2019). Cloud-assisted gamification for education and learning - Recent advances and challenges. Computers Electrical Engineering, 74, 22-34. doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2019.01.002
  2. Yadegaridehkordi, E., Noor, N., Bin Ayub, M. N., Affal, H. B., Hussin, N. B. (2019). Affective computing in education: A systematic review and future research. Computers Education, 142, 19. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103649
Others
  1. Saqib Hakak, Nurul Fazmidar Mohd Noor, Mohamad Nizam Ayub, Hannyzurra Affal, Nornazlita Hussin, Ejaz ahmed, Muhammad Imran,Cloud-assisted gamification for education and learning Recent advances and challenges, Computers & Electrical Engineering,Volume 74,2019,Pages 22-34,ISSN 0045-7906.
  2. Yadegaridehkordi, E., Noor, N. F. B. M., Ayub, M. N. B., Affal, H. B., & Hussin, N. B. (2019). Affective computing in education: A systematic review and future research. Computers and Education, 142
  3. Affective Computing: A Closer View of Self-Reported Instruments in Education (2017), JOURNAL OF SOFT COMPUTING AND DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS, Vol 4 (2), 7-13, Elaheh Yadegaridehkordi,Nurul Fazmidar Mohd Noor,Mohamad Nizam Ayub,Hannyzzura Affal,Nornazlita Hussin
  4. Alireza Marefat, Rafidah Md Noor, Nor Badrul Anuar and Nornazlita Hussin. 2016. The Feasibility of Employing IEEE802.11p in Electronic-Based Congestion Pricing Zone: A Comparative Study with RFID. Vol. 29, No. 4, 2016, Malaysian Journal of Computer Science. (Q4)
  5. Zeeshan Rasool, Nurul Fazmidar Mohd Noor, Hannyzzura Affal, Nornazlita Hussin, Mohd Nizam Ayub, The Effectiveness of Adaptive Learning Environment of Problem Solving in Physics using Visualisations, Journal of Science Education and Technology
Article in Proceeding
  1. Zeeshan Rasool, Andrew Bimba, Nurul F. Mohd Noor, Hannyzzura Affal, Mohd Nizam Ayub, Nornazlita Hussin, 2014, Preliminary Study: Problem Solving in Physics through Visualizations, Proceeding 4th Annual International Conference on Education & e- learning (E-eL 2014)
  2. Zeeshan Rasool, Nurul F. Mohd Noor, Hannyzzura Affal, Mohd Nizam Ayub, Nornazlita Hussin, Gamification of Web based learning Environment for Physics Problem Solving, The Asian Conference on Society, Education & Technology (ACSET 2014), 28 Oct 2014 to 02 Nov 2014, Rihga Royal hotel, Osaka
  3. A Bimba, N.F.M Noor, M.N Ayub, N Hussin, H Pal, Z Rasool. 2013. PhyVis: Problem Solving in Physics through Visualizations. 4th International Conference on Next Generation Information Technology (ICNIT 2013).
  4. Andrew Bimba, Nurul F. Mohd Noor, Mohd Nizam Ayub, Nornazlita Husin, Hannyzzura Affal, Zeeshan Rasool, 2013 PhyVis: Problem Solving in Physics through Visualizations , 4th ICNIT: 2013 4th International Conference on Next Generation Information Technology, 18-20 June, Jeju Island, Korea
  5. Chua Hiang Kiat & N Hussin
Other Publications
  1. NORNAZLITA HUSSIN , HANNYZURA AFFAL, (2025) Collaboration with Malaysia Airlines Academy, April 2025, Komputika - Mass Media(newspaper,radio,tv,popular Magazine)
  2. Mas Idayu Md Sabri, Nurul Fazmidar Mohd Noor, Nornazlita Hussin, Hannyzzura Affal (2024). FSKTM, UM and Idrissi International School Forges Innovation Partnership. Komputika Newsletter, Issue 2. - Mass Media(newspaper,radio,tv,popular Magazine)
  3. NORNAZLITA HUSSIN, Mas Idayu Md Sabri, Nurul Fazmidar Mohd Noor, Hannyzzura Affal, (2024), Inspiring Young Creators Through the Scratch Workshop. - Mass Media(newspaper,radio,tv,popular Magazine)
  4. Nurul Fazmidar, Hannyzzura, Mas Idayu Nornazlita Hussin, (2024), Virtual Innovations @ MyDigitalMaker Fair 2024. - Mass Media(newspaper,radio,tv,popular Magazine)

RESEARCH PROJECT

National
  1. 2025 - 2026, RU Geran - UMCares
    CYBERSECURITY MODULE FOR A CYBER-RESILIENT GENERATION ( Co-Researcher)
  2. 2025 - 2026, RU Geran - UMCares
    Digital Defender Muda ( Co-Researcher)
  3. 2020 - 2022, RU Geran - Fakulti Program
    Novel Approach for Image Forgery Detection based on Deep Learning ( Co-Researcher)
  4. 2015 - 2019, Geran Penyelidikan Universiti Malaya (UMRG Programme) - AET (Innovative Technology (ITRC))
    Aleps: Applying Affective Computing To Capture Student?s Emotion State For Adaptive Feedback In Physics Problem Solving ( Co-Researcher)
  5. 2018 - 2019, Bantuan Khas Penyelidikan (BKP Special)
    Advertisement Recommender For Indoor Crowd ( Principal Investigator(PI))
  6. 2024 - 2026, Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS)
    Augmented user engagement conceptual model for digital museum, University of Malaya (UM) ( Principal Investigator(PI))
  7. 2012 - 2016, High Impact Research (HIR)
    High-Impact Research, MoE-UM, "Efficient Green Operational Rescue Using Vehicle Ad Hoc Technology" (2012-2015) ( Consultant)
  8. 2013 - 2015, Flagship Grant
    Adaptive Learning Environment for Problem Solving Skills (ALEPS) : Games and Visualization ( Consultant)
  9. 2013 - 2015, Program Rakan Penyelidikan Universiti Malaya (PRPUM)
    Technology-enhanced in Teaching & Learning Pre-University Science ( Consultant)
  10. 2011 - 2013, Geran Penyelidikan Universiti Malaya (UMRG)
    Gait Rehabilitation using Augmented Reality Technique ( Principal Investigator(PI))
University
  1. 2025 - 2027, University Grant
    Project: Enhance the Accuracy of Malicious URL Detection Through Feature Selection, Heuristic Rules, and Machine Learning ( Principal Investigator(PI))
  2. 2024 - 2025, University Grant
    Podcasting Pedagogy: Exploring The Role Of Podcasts In Education ( Co-Researcher)

CONSULTANCY PROJECT

  • Fyp Supervision, fsktm
    01 Dec 2020 - 01 Dec 2020 (National)
  • 13th International Conference Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization, CGIV
    01 Jan 2015 - 01 Jan 2016 (International)
  • Sugar Pal, Learn and Play, Backbone Entertainment
    01 Feb 2011 - 01 Feb 2013 (National)

PAPER PRESENTED

INVITED SPEAKER
  1. Immersive XR Experience, Mobiliti inbound : Universiti Malaya x Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia, TDHEP FSKTM (International) (06 May 2025 - 06 May 2025)
  2. Extended Reality, Mobility Inbound Universitas Indonesia, TDHEP FSKTM (International) (28 Oct 2024 - 28 Oct 2024)
  3. Crafting your digital pesona, UM Seed, UMCCED (University) (22 Oct 2024 - 24 Oct 2024)
  4. Instagram mastery: Ignite vicibility and spark engagement, Program pemerkasaan ICT, Jabatan kesarjanaan digital dan maklumat semesta (University) (25 Sep 2024 - 25 Sep 2024)
  5. Bengkel Asas Scratch, Bengkel Asas Scratch, Panitia Rekabentuk & Teknologi SK Taming Jaya (National) (15 Aug 2024 - 15 Aug 2024)
  6. Visible virtually, Boost Your Resume, TDHEP FSKTM (University) (28 Nov 2023 - 28 Nov 2023)
  7. Augmented reality and engagement in social media, Student Mobility Program, FSKTM UM (International) (18 Sep 2023 - 18 Sep 2023)
  8. AUGMENTED REALITY (FILTER IN SOCIAL MEDIA) , STUDENT MOBILITY PROGRAM, FSKTM (International) (29 Oct 2022 - 29 Oct 2022)
PRESENTER
  1. Creative Presentation Using Powtoon Studio, Creative Presentation Using Powtoon Studio, FSKTM (University) (12 Dec 2020 - 12 Dec 2020)
OTHERS
  1. SportConnect GEC lab, Global Entrepreneurship Community (GEC) Labs 2017., Malaysian Global Innovation & Creativity Centre (MaGIC) (International) (12 Dec 2017 - 13 Dec 2017)
  2. Apron Dashboard, IPPI & Malaysian Airport Berhad collaboration, FSKTM (National) (03 Apr 2017 - 02 Apr 2018)
  3. Preliminary Study: Problem Solving in Physics through Visualizations, Proceeding 4th Annual International Conference on Education & e- learning (E-eL 2014) (01 Jan 2014)
  4. Gamification of Web based learning Environment for Physics Problem Solving, The Asian Conference on Society, Education & Technology (ACSET 2014) (01 Jan 2014)
  5. PhyVis: Problem Solving in Physics through Visualizations, Research Notes in Information Science (RNIS) (01 Jul 2013)

ACADEMIC/ PROF. SERVICES

Evaluation
  1. (2025) Internal Examiner for Wang Jiaxin, University, (Internal Examiner)
  2. (2025) Internal Examiner for Wang Jiaxin, University, (Internal Examiner)
  3. (2025) Internal Examnier for Chen Kan, University, (Internal Examiner)
  4. (2025) Lijiamin, University, (Internal Examiner)
  5. (2024) "a Systematic Review of Urban Traffic Management Using Machine Learning Techniques: Challenges, Solutions and Open Issues, International, (Reviewer)
  6. (2024) Augmented Reality Competition: Shaping Your Ar Realm, International, (External Assessor)
  7. (2024) Moderator Markah, University, (Internal Evaluator)
  8. (2023) Internal Examiner, University, (Internal Examiner)
  9. (2023) Internal Examiner, University, (Internal Examiner)
  10. (2023) Moderator Peperiksaan, University, (Internal Evaluator)
  11. (2023) Curriculum Review, University, (Reviewer)
  12. (2022) Examiner Paper, University, (Internal Examiner)
  13. (2022) Moderator, University, (Internal Evaluator)
  14. (2022) Internal Examiner, University, (Internal Examiner)
  15. (2022) Moderator, University, (Reviewer)
  16. (2019) Reviewer for NCICT 2019 , (Examiner Reviewer)
  17. (2017) Examiner REMOS fsktm , (Internal Examiner)
Contribution to external organisation
  1. (2025) UM to Ui Short Course On Responsible Digital Future, International, (Resource Person)
  2. (2025) Penasihat Penjenamaan dan Pemasaran UM Giving, National, (Technical Advisor)
  3. (2025) Pembangun Modul Berkaitan Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality dan Extended Reality, National, (Resource Person)
  4. (2023) Judge for 44th Edmat, International, (Expert Advisor)
  5. (2015) Reviewer, Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization (CGIV)
  6. (2014) Reviewer, Malaysian Journal of Computer Science (MJCS)
Contribution to event
  1. (2021) Augmented Reality, International, (Course Facilitator)
  2. (2021) Committe, International, (Event Coordinator)
Media appearance
  1. (2024) Augmented Reality Competition, International, (Panelist/Moderator)
Mentoring
  1. (2025) Penyelia Latihan Industri Unit Multimedia Semester 1, 2024/25, University, (Mentor)
  2. (2024) Academic Advisor, University, (Academic Advisor)

SUPERVISION

Under Graduate Students
  1. (2024) Virtual Year Book
  2. (2024) User engagement assistant
  3. (2024) Interactive storybook
  4. (2024) Interactive recycle journey
  5. (2024) Fun with Numbers
  6. (2024) EcoVerse
  7. (2024) Digital museum
  8. (2024) Cabin Crew First Aid: System vital to life
  9. (2024) Cabin Crew First Aid: CPR and Choking
  10. (2024) Cabin Crew First Aid: Anatomy and Physiology of Human Body
  11. (2023) MagicFingers
  12. (2023) iMUA
  13. (2023) Hiragana Sensei (Subtitle: Learn)
  14. (2023) Hiragana Sensei (Subtitle: Games)
  15. (2023) Digital Event Planner (user)
  16. (2023) Digital Event Planner (Admin)
  17. (2023) Creative resume
  18. (2023) Campus Connect: University Event Management
  19. (2023) Budget apps for students
  20. (2023) Augmented business card
  21. (2023) Industrial Training, FADJAR SOENGKONO
  22. (2022) Travel buddy apps
  23. (2022) Self love apps
  24. (2022) Meditation apps
  25. (2022) iShop (Subtitle: User module)
  26. (2022) iShop (Subtitle: Admin module)
  27. (2022) funSTEMtic (Subtitle: Quiz module)
  28. (2022) funSTEMtic (Subtitle: Lesson module)
  29. (2022) FitX (Subtitle: Plan and tracker)
  30. (2022) FitX (Subtitle: Gamification)
  31. (2022) Budget apps
  32. (2022) Industrial Training, MOHD KHAIRULHIDAYAT BIN KHALID
  33. (2021) SMART MARKETING APPS
  34. (2021) MALAYSIAN CULTURE AND COSTUMES
  35. (2021) Latihan industri
  36. (2021) Interactive AR Zoo
  37. (2021) Interactive Advertisement
  38. (2021) Industrial training
  39. (2021) DIY USER MANUAL APP
  40. (2021) Cookware Augmented shop
  41. (2021) AUGMENTED REALITY APP FOR SUBJECT: HISTORY
  42. (2021) Augmented museum
  43. (2021) Augmented history recreation
Postgraduate Student
Master
  1. (2025) Interactive Museum Experience : Augmented Storytelling, NURULNADIAH BINTI SUKERMAN
  2. (2025) Interactive AR Experiences in Transit Station, ALI AL-YASARI
  3. (2025) Augmented Advertising as an Effective Tool to Market Products/Services, ZIXUAN WANG
  4. (2025) Exploring Interactive Learning Experiences through Augmented Reality in Digital Museum, AHMED AL-YASARI
  5. (2025) Real-Time Environment Mapping & Spatial Anchoring in Android Augmented Reality (AR) Based Applications., KAJENDRA NAATH A/L RAJAN
  6. (2025) Human-Computer Interaction for Enhanced User Experience with Virtual Pets in Immersive VR Environments, CHEN ZITIAN
  7. (2025) AR-based Chinese Character Fun Learning for Children's early Education, GAO JIAHUI
  8. (2025) The Impact of Augmented Reality Technology in Interactive Learning Experience, XU CHANGFENG
  9. (2025) AR-Driven Storytelling in Digital Museum, WU DONGLU
  10. (2025) User Engagement Analysis in Augmented Reality Social Media Filters, ZEXUAN CHEN
  11. (2025) Corn Disease Detection using YOLOv11 with Rectangular Self-Calibration Module (RCM), WANG JIAXIN
  12. (2024) Enhancing Knowledge and Empathy Towards Individuals with Schizophrenia through Augmented Reality and Virtual Simulation, NUR DHANIA KAMALIA BINTI KAMAROL
  13. (2024) A User-Centered Design Framework for Senior Engagement in Augmented Reality-based Advertisement, MD MUKTADIR AZIZ ABID
  14. (2024) USER ENGAGEMENT ANALYSIS IN AUGMENTED REALITY SOCIAL MEDIA FILTERS, DIVA ALIFTA CHANDRA
  15. (2024) A Deep Learning Approach for Facial Detection in Targeted Billboard Advertising, LAU SIAN EN
  16. (2023) Impact on User’s Online Shopping Experience using Augmented Reality (AR) Application, XUE JUN TANG
  17. (2023) Comparative Study of Marker-Based Augmented Reality Software Development Kits, LIU YANGMING
  18. (2022) Comparative Study of Automated Calligraphy Assessment Algorithms for Arabic Diwani Script, YOUNES LARIANI
  19. (2019) Evaluating the Effectiveness of Augmented Laboratory for Physics Subject, LARIANI YOUNES
  20. (2019) Emotion Analysis of Indonesia Presidential Election, OMAR MAULANA BACHTIAR
  21. (2017) Minimizing Virtual Reality Sickness in Head Mounted Display Systems: A Case Study on Oculus Rift, NIMA BAGHERI
  22. (2017) Minimizing Virtual Reality Sickness in Head Mounted Display Systems: A Case Study on Oculus Rift, NIMA BAGHERI
  23. (2015) Evaluating Preschool Children's Understanding of Transportation using e-book, THEVAGI A/P SELVAMANEY
  24. (2015) Evaluating Preschool Children's Understanding of Transportation using e-book, THEVAGI A/P SELVAMANEY
  25. (2012) Learning Introductory Programming using GBL Tool, NALINE A/P SHANMUGAM
  26. (2011) Multimedia Games for Higher Education, Naline Shanmugam
  27. (2007) Advertising using Augmented Reality Technique, Chua Hiang Kiat
  28. (2006) Adaptive Multimedia Learning, Mazmeen Kamil

TEACHING

Master
  1. (2022) WOA7009 - Virtual Reality Concepts and Technology
  2. (2020) WQC7002 - Research Project
Bachelor
  1. (2022) WIX3005 - Digital Cinematography
  2. (2022) WIG3004 - Virtual Reality
  3. (2021) WIX3005 - Digital Cinematography
  4. (2021) WIX2001 - Thinking and Communication Skills
  5. (2021) WIG3004 - Virtual Reality
  6. (2021) WIX2001 - Thinking and Communication Skills
  7. (2020) WIG3004 - Virtual Reality
  8. (2020) WIX3005 - Digital Cinematography
  9. (2014) WRET3309 - Virtual Reality
  10. (2013) WRET3312 - Multimedia in Learning

PATENT/ IPR

  • Augmented reality business card
    COPYRIGHT
  • Stress Buster: 3D Underwater World
    COPYRIGHT
  • Mobile Application Utilizing NFC for Product Data and AR for Personalized Cosmetic Shopping Experiences
    COPYRIGHT
  • Logo of the Multimedia Unit, FCSIT UM
    TRADEMARK
  • Problem Solving in Physics with Three Stages of Visualizations
    COPYRIGHT
  • Augmented 3D model visualizer
    PATENT

COURSE ATTENDED

Internal/ External Course
  1. HRD CORP TRAIN THE TRAINER CERTIFICATION PROGRAM, UNIVERSITI MALAYA (01 Nov 2023 - 05 Nov 2023)
  2. MICROCREDENTIALS@UM: CREATING AN MC COURSE, UNIVERSITI MALAYA (08 Mar 2023 - 08 Mar 2023)
  3. CREATIVE ONLINE TEACHING FOR STUDENT ENGAGEMENT, MICROSOFT TEAMS (16 Feb 2021 - 16 Feb 2021)
  4. DIGITAL DRAWING FOR COURSE CONTENT DEVELOPMENT WORKSHOP, EDUCATION FACULTY (14 Nov 2019 - 14 Nov 2019)
  5. BLOCONOMIC EXPO 2019, LE MERIDIEN HOTEL PUTRAJAYA (15 Aug 2019 - 16 Aug 2019)
  6. PROGRAM PEMANTAPAN PASUKAN (PROGRAM TRANFORMASI NEGARA KHAS), KEM BINA NEGARA KUNDASANG SABAG (11 May 2017 - 13 May 2017)
  7. SPECTRUM ADDVANCED TRAINING, MM3 , BLOK B, FSKTM (29 Mar 2017 - 29 Mar 2017)
  8. PROGRAM TRANSFORMASI NEGARA, TANJUNG RHU SEPANG (26 Sep 2016 - 28 Sep 2016)
  9. BENGKEL POSITIVE IMAGE THROUGH PUBLIC SPEAKING, FAKULTI SAINS KOMPUTER & TEKNOLOGI MAKLUMAT (24 Aug 2016 - 24 Aug 2016)